Dwarfism is caused by changes in bone and cartilage growth that result in short stature. Achondroplasia is the most common type of dwarfism. Typically, individuals with dwarfism reach an adult height of 4 feet 10 inches or shorter.
Health concerns related to dwarfism may include:
Dwarfism does not typically affect intellectual ability. People with dwarfism go to school, have careers, marry, and raise children, just like their average-height peers.
Students with dwarfism may:
You can make your classroom a welcoming and productive learning environment by making adaptive changes where necessary. Students with dwarfism should be able to reach everything their classmates can reach. Remember to treat your student with dwarfism according to their age, not their size. Unless the student has a learning disability, educational expectations should not differ from those of other students.
Changes to the physical education curriculum may be necessary, but students with dwarfism should participate in such activities as much as they are able.
Some families may have preferred language they wish to use, such as, “He has dwarfism, which means his bones grow differently.” Most people with dwarfism are comfortable with the terms “short-stature,” “little person,” or “dwarf.” Using these terms in person-first language is preferred (i.e., “person with dwarfism”). It is also good to think about the use of the word “normal,” as in “normal height.” “Average” or “typical” are preferred. The word “midget” is considered a derogatory slur. Like anyone, though, a person with dwarfism will simply prefer to be called by their name, not their diagnosis.
All children benefit from an environment that promotes diversity and inclusion, including those with physical differences such as dwarfism. Talk to your student’s family about the best way for you and others to learn about dwarfism.
You also can find more information about dwarfism online at:
Reviewed by: Andrea Schelhaas, MS, CGC
Date Reviewed: May 1, 2023
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