Without medicines and a series of three surgeries to rebuild the heart, babies with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) won't survive. The left side of the heart can't be fixed, so the goal of the surgeries is to rebuild parts of the heart and "redirect" the way blood flows.
After the Norwood procedure, babies get the Glenn procedure when they're between 4 and 6 months old. This is because they outgrow the shunt placed during the Norwood procedure.
The Glenn procedure is a type of open-heart surgery. The goals are to:
The Glenn procedure redirects blood flow from the upper body to the lungs. In the Glenn procedure:
Blood from the upper body now goes to the pulmonary artery, and then to the lungs, without having to go to the heart. Because blood can now get to the lungs, the shunt is no longer needed. Also, the right ventricle now has a single job: pumping blood to the body.
Babies who have the Glenn procedure usually spend 1 to 2 weeks in the hospital to recover. They get-around-the-clock care and monitoring. They also get medicines to help the heart and improve blood flow.
The third surgery is called the Fontan procedure. It's usually done when a child is 18 to 36 months (3 years) of age.
Reviewed by: Michael A. Bingler, MD
Date Reviewed: 05-11-2018